The Undeniable Truth About Argumentative Essay Topics and Samples That Nobody Is Sharing With You

The Undeniable Truth About Argumentative Essay Topics and Samples That Nobody Is Sharing With You Whether it's an argumentative or expository essay that you're writing, it is vital to develop a clear thesis statement and an obvious sound reasoning. Next, before starting the true essay, an individual should consider the thesis statement, which is among the most crucial elements of any essay. Before concluding the essay, it is vital to summarise with a strong emphasis on the subject. You ought to make sure you remain on that 1 side during your whole essay. You could also see analytical essay. Your essay should consist of recent statistics and data from reliable sources. You can also see descriptive essay. Argumentative essays have to be well-organized. If you own a list of strong and intriguing topics, you are going to have better probability of writing a compelling essay. To write a superb argumentative essay, there are four leading pieces of the essay you're likely to have to know about. If you're new to writing argumentative essays, there are a number of important factors which you can learn that may help you compose a greater argumentative essay. Our 1-hour essay writing service may be an ideal solution for you. Essay writing per se is no simple endeavor to do. Deciding on a topic to compose your argumentative essay about is not an effortless task. Bullying essay example might be a source that's good of for a pupil. Apart from the news portion of the sites, a large part of the posts are really insignificant and unimportant to our world. The actual folks highly praise our essay help site. The first thing you're likely to have to do is to pick a topic that has more than one clear side. Choose from popular topics that folks are passionate about. You first have to select a good topic with an argument, credible information to strengthen your viewpoint, a good stance on your side, and a great counter-argument that will help you sound less biased. Anyway, you'll certainly like our price policy. An essay arguing that capitalism is the very best system because it's the only financial system which has historically resulted in widespread prosperity with time. An argumentative essay example will reveal the should possess some crucial components which make it better in the practice of convincing. Argumentative Essay Topics and Samples - Dead or Alive? Argumentative arguments are simply arguments that are written back on paper. An argumentative essays purpose is to convince your reader to hold up your side of the argument. Good argumentative essay examples should show you just how to incorporate the advantages and disadvantages of your argument. Any very good task finishes with a good conclusion and the very best examples of the argumentative essay will arrive in with a conclusion with an overview of all of the points together with a gist of the evidences provided. It is crucial to check reviews about essay writing services in order to be confident they can deliver your task before the deadline. The absolute most essential part of your paper is the introduction. The problem here is that it takes so many parts of paper to write just a single textbook. It is possi ble to order components of papers you're assigned to write too. Just describe what you need and want your paper appears like and we'll satisfy your requirements effortlessly. In consensus, a huge section of the stock exchange analysts and traders appear to believe that the CEO has an immediate influence on the operation of the business. You'll find a lot of different credit cards in the marketplace and even some that permit you to apply even if you've got bad credit. Be sure that you read online essay writing service reviews in order to know what type of material you are spending for. Your facts ought to be truthful. An outline is a huge tool to remember what you're planning to write about and to prevent a fear of getting started. Look through the list of topics with care and get started making a mental collection of the evidence you are able to use on topics you want. Essentially anything that must be understood before reading the remainder of the essay is background info, and ought to be included in the introduction.

Activision Blizzard Financial Analysis Essay - 1361 Words

Activision Blizzard Financial Analysis July 24, 2017 Trey Russell BUS 401: Leon Daniel Headquartered in Santa Monica, California, Activision Blizzard, Inc., is the world s most successful standalone interactive entertainment company. Their portfolio includes some of the biggest franchises in all of entertainment. Their entertainment network has nearly 500 million monthly active users in 196 countries, and we’re continuing to expand our capabilities across new platforms, genres, audiences and geographies. Their company consists of many teams: †¢ Activision develops, distributes, and publishes deeply immersive interactive entertainment for gaming consoles, mobile and tablet platforms, and PCs, including blockbuster franchises†¦show more content†¦Its revenue compared to its competitors proves that as well. World of Warcraft has been the highest paid subscription based RPG in the world for many years, allowing Blizzard to see profits without having to distribute physical products. According to Financial Times Article, â€Å"the consensus forecast amongst 25 polled investment analysts covering Activision Blizzard, Inc. advises that the company will outperform the market. This has been the consensus forecast since the sentiment of investment analysts deteriorated on May 21, 2015. The previous consensus forecast advised investors to purchase equity in Activision Blizzard, Inc..† (FinancialTimes, 2017) ACTIVISION BLIZZARD, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESShow MoreRelatedClassical Management Perspective7829 Words   |  32 Pagescontingency perspective .The management science approach with less quantitative approaches and leadership reflect the same conditions as those that influence its current approach to management. While the question that chapter 8 that we done about SWOT analysis , Porter’s generic strategies theory , the Miles and Snow typology theory and how the theory is apply to a case or real situation. Last but not least is the question on Chapter 20 that have discuss about referent power and expert power played in

Social Marketing and Business Functions

Question: Discuss about the Social Marketing and Business Functions. Answer: Introduction It would be correct to say that marketing has emerged as one of the core business functions. In the current era, marketing function is important not only for the organizations in corporate world but also for the organizations in the non-profit sector. One of the basic or the core things in the marketing is to define the marketing mix. The marketing mix of organizations includes four elements. These are product, price, place and promotion. It is important that the marketing strategies or the marketing campaigns of organizations should be based on these four elements of marketing mix (Griskevicius Cantu, 2012). The objective of this paper is to discuss, analyse and compare two marketing campaigns across different elements of marketing mix. The two campaigns can be highlighted as: Campaign 1: RSPCA Adopt a pet campaign reviewed at https://www.rspca.org.au/adopt-pet Campaign 2: WWF Adopt an animal reviewed at https://donate.wwf.org.au/campaigns/donate/ Both the organizations operate in a non-profit segment. These organizations have the objective of improving the life of animals and these firms need funding to sustain. These firms often have to launch marketing campaign to establish a good rapport with consumers. These organizations are working of the social cause and it is expected that marketing function would enable these organizations to achieve its goals and objectives (Saravanakumar, 2012). The comparison of the four elements of marketing mix for RSPCA and WWF can be discussed as: Comparison Analysis: Product element One of the most basic elements of the marketing mix is product. It is critical that the marketers should realize the importance of product element. Both of these organizations provide services to end consumers and the underlying product in this case is the service. The RSPCA is an independent, non-government community-based charity providing animal care and protection services. The company launched adopt a pet campaign to help the people to adopt the right kind of pet. RSPCA has multiple branches in Australia. People can visit the offices of RSPCA and decide to adopt the pet. People can also visit the website of RSPCA to see the available options. World Wildlife Fund or WWF is a unique partnership of scientists, business and government leaders, with the support and guidance of HRH Prince Bernhard of The Netherlands and HRH The Duke of Edinburgh. WWF has two key offerings. The organization provides pet service to consumers and at the same time, WWF arranges fund raising interval at large scale. The underlying product of WWF is the service that it has launched in the month of December (Cader Tenaiji, 2013). The organization has launched a special campaign where it has made a Christmas appeal to consumers. The consumers are asked to spread happiness among the animals at the time of Christmas by making donations or by adopting the animals. The comparison of the underlying products of RSPCA and WWF can be disused as: Underlying Product RSPCA WWF Core (It refers to the underlying benefit of using the product or service) Feeling of satisfaction or love that people can get when they adopt a pet Feeling of satisfaction or love that people can get when they adopt a pet or when they make a donation Actual (It refers to the various tangible aspects of product) It means various physical attributes of the pet like colour, breed, size, weight, etc. It means various physical attributes of the pet like colour, breed, size, weight, etc. Augmented (It includes the various intangible elements associated with the product like delivery, guarantees, etc.) It refers to the after sales services like product delivery, guarantees and warrantees, services provided by customer case executives, etc. It refers to the after sales services like product delivery, guarantees and warrantees, services provided by customer case executives, etc. Comparison Analysis: Price element It would be correct to say that pricing is a crucial element to reach masses. There would be some people in the target market that would not be price sensitive. However, it is expected that majority of the target market can be influenced by the pricing strategy. The management of RSPCA realizes that it does not sell any tangible products and likewise it cannot charge customers on the basis of product properties. There is no dollar value attached to the services of RSPCA. The organization accepts the funds openly (Miller Grimes, 2012). The main profit of the organization is through the selling of pets and insurance. People have the option to select the pet at the given prices. There are multiple pricing options for insurance. The customers can select the insurance program based on the coverage that they require for their pets. WWF has the objective to get maximum funds for the organization. The company accepts the funds through its web site. Moreover, people can also physically visit the store and make the donations. People can make the donations in the small amount or in the large amounts. WWF also have a pricing strategy where people are encouraged to make monthly payments. People can enrol themselves on the monthly payment plan where people can make monthly funding. Analysis: Place/ Distribution The importance of place or distribution channels cannot be avoided in the marketing mix. In the marketing mix, place or distribution plays a critical role. Simply defined, place or distribution refers to the movement of products from producer to intended user. This movement could be through a combination of intermediaries such as distributors, wholesalers and retailers (Santos, 2012). The major part of the distribution channel of RSPCA is Internet. The company has an interactive website. People can actually place the order and make contributions on the website of RSPCA. WWF also uses the web medium to reach out to consumers. The organization can reach out to consumers through its website. At the same time, consumers can visit any of the stores of WWF and complete the purchase. Analysis: Promotion Today competition is high in most of the industry and among this competitive landscape; promotion is one of the major elements of marketing mix. In recent times, the focus of the promotional elements has changed from offline promotional elements to social promotional elements. Both the organizations have been focusing on digital and social promotional elements and it is expected that these firms would continue to make investment in the digital and social landscape (Shanbhag Nayak, 2015). RSPCA has a strong digital strategy. The company has a very active FB page and Twitter handle. Consumers can reach out to management any time. The management of RSPCA is also very active on social media platforms like FB and Twitter. The organization ensures that people get the prompt reply on their queries. WWF also uses a combination of offline and digital channels. The company conducts various promotional events where people can participate. At the same time, the organization also conducts various online and digital events (Vries Gensler, 2012). WWF has conducted various online and social events on its FB page and on its Twitter handle. It is expected that the organization would continue to have a good presence on social media and digital channels. Target Market description The target market for RSPCA is the people from the age group to 15 to 50 years. The organization specifically wants to target the youth and the teenage population as youth and teenage population loves pets the most. In terms of income group it can be said that RSPCA targets the middle class and upper middle class family. The middle class and upper middle class are the consumers that would want to make good donations. WWF targets the age group of 18 to 55 years. The company wants to target the teenage population, as they are the best target group that provided donations and funding. The organization wants to take its customers as its partners that would take the organization forward. This is the reason that the company wants to invest heavily on social media and other promotional events. Conclusion The above paper discusses the social marketing approach of RSPCA and WWF. It can be concluded that both the organizations realizes the importance of marketing function. It is expected that these organizations would continue to make investment in the marketing function. The above paper discusses the four elements of marketing mix for both the organizations. It can be said that all the elements of marketing mix are important for RSPCA and WWF. The paper discusses the importance of each of the elements of marketing mix. The promotions on the social media channels like Facebook and Twitter would help these organizations in short term. In the long term, the organizations should continue to invest in social media and offline promotional events. As a bottom line it can be said that effective communication channels and effective integration among all the elements of marketing mix is the key for organizations to move forward along with all the internal and external stakeholders. References Cader, Y. and Al Tenaiji, A.A., 2013. Social media marketing. International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2(6), pp.546-560. Choi, N. and Majumdar, S., 2014. Social entrepreneurship as an essentially contested concept: Opening a new avenue for systematic future research. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(3), pp.363-376. De Vries, L., Gensler, S. and Leeflang, P.S., 2012. Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of social media marketing. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(2), pp.83-91. Griskevicius, V., Cantu, S. M., Vugt, M. V. (2012). The evolutionary bases for sustainable behavior: Implications for marketing, policy, and social entrepreneurship. Journal of Public Policy Marketing, 31(1), 115-128. Miller, T.L., Grimes, M.G., McMullen, J.S. and Vogus, T.J., 2012. Venturing for others with heart and head: How compassion encourages social entrepreneurship. Academy of management review, 37(4), pp.616-640. Santos, F.M., 2012. A positive theory of social entrepreneurship. Journal of business ethics, 111(3), pp.335-351. Saravanakumar, M. and SuganthaLakshmi, T., 2012. Social media marketing. Life Science Journal, 9(4), pp.4444-4451. Shanbhag, P., Nayak, S. (2015). Societal MarketingThe Shift: Indirect to a direct marketing approach.International Journal of Advanced Research,3(9), 524-527.

The Fruit of Wisdom free essay sample

A discussion of Shih Ching or the Book of Odes/ Book of Songs which is one of the most famous collections of ancient Chinese poetry. This is an analysis of two poems found in the Book of Odes and the inspiration of nature on the author. This paper compares common themes running throughout the entire book by looking at two inspiration poems. Despite the fact that the style of poetry faded away about as quickly as it was born, much of its value and meaning have lived on to the present day. The Book of Odes is after all the earliest work of Chinese poetry ever discovered and it represents all we know of early Chinese poetry in a culture where the oldest is often thought to be the best. Poetry, throughout history, has been one of the most admired artistic forms of inner expression and has inspired readers to search for personal meaning and value within the context of the most beautiful words written by man. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fruit of Wisdom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is impossible to fully understand ancient Chinese history without studying its contribution to the art of poetry. Chinese poets are known for their brilliance and Chinese poetry for its unique style, inner meaning and its ability to educate and inspire readers throughout the centuries. One of the most noteworthy pieces of literature is the Shih ching or the Book of Odes, also referred to as the Book of Songs. This collection of approximately 300 poems from the Chou dynasty is a Confucian classic and was traditionally compiled by Confucius himself. Confucius used these 305 poems in order to teach his disciples about the meaning they should be drawing from poetry. Two poems, one about a peach tree, and the other about a pear tree, are just a miniscule fragment of the entire Book of Odes, yet they reveal an ocean of meaning and provide an amazing preview into one of the most incredible volumes in Chinese history.

Cyberspace and Internet Privacy essays

Cyberspace and Internet Privacy essays As every generation comes they bring with them a new invention from cars to television to the telephone the basic existence of man, in my eyes, is to advance both technologically, thus making life better for us all and also scientifically. Man wants to know all we want to be able to answer all the questions out there as every day goes by we get closer and closer to answering some of our questions. Every day, new cures for diseases are found and also new diseases are discovered, new discoveries are made in various fields, at the same time, however, new problems are arising. Man in every era has depended on some form of tool to help him to his tasks whatever they may be, a tool to make things easier. This tool is technology; technology does not have to be the modern thoughts of computers. Technology is the science of technical processes in a wide, though a related field of knowledge. So technology can be anything as long as it helps us advance. It can be anything like a plough to help a farmer, a television to help the media and the telephone to help us communicate. The latest technology of the 20th Century is the Internet and it has placed a great mark on our society. It is the new place to be where business can advance, people can interact worldwide at the click of a mouse and this has revolutionarily changed the world. In the world of the Internet, there are millions of members worldwide and that means it is a very profitable arena. In an area where there is money, there are criminals and that is where the modern criminals of the world are behind co mputer screens. They may be credible individuals in society and they could also be credible corporations and organizations that are finding a quick way to make money and by doing this they are breaking ethical rules of society (even though it is hard to determine the ethics of the internet) and one of these crimes is the violation of the privacy of others. I have logged on to the int...

Japan - Learn the Geography of the East Asian Nation of Japan

Japan - Learn the Geography of the East Asian Nation of Japan Population: 126,475,664 (July 2011 estimate)Capital: TokyoLand Area: 145,914 square miles (377,915 sq km)Coastline: 18,486 miles (29,751 km)Highest Point: Fujiyama at 12,388 feet (3,776 m)Lowest Point: Hachiro-gata at -13 feet (-4 m)Japan is an island nation located in eastern Asia in the Pacific Ocean to the east of China, Russia, North Korea and South Korea. It is an archipelago that is made up of over 6,500 islands, the largest of which are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku. Japan is one of the worlds largest countries by population and it has one of the worlds largest economies.On March 11, 2011, Japan was struck by a magnitude 9.0 earthquake that was centered in the ocean 80 miles (130 km) east of the city of Sendai. The earthquake was so large that it caused a massive tsunami that devastated much of Japan. The earthquake also caused smaller tsunamis to hit areas across much of the Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii and the west coast of the United States. In addition, the earth quake and tsunami damaged Japans Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Thousands were killed in Japan in the disasters, thousands were displaced and entire towns were levelled by the earthquake and/or tsunami. Additionally, the earthquake was so powerful that early reports are saying that it caused the main island of Japan to move eight feet (2.4 m) and that it shifted the Earths axis. The earthquake is also considered to have been one of the five strongest to have struck since 1900. History of Japan According to Japanese legend Japan was founded in 600 B.C.E by the Emperor Jimmu. Japans first contact with the west was recorded in 1542 when a Portuguese ship bound for China landed on Japan instead. As a result, traders from Portugal, the Netherlands, England and Spain all began to go to Japan shortly thereafter as did several different missionaries. In the 17th century, however, Japans shogun (a military leader) determined that these foreign visitors were a military conquest and all contact with foreign countries was barred for about 200 years.In 1854, the Convention of Kanagawa opened Japan up to relations with the west, causing the shogun to resign which led to the restoration of Japans emperor as well as the adoption of new, western influenced traditions. According to the U.S. Department of State, in the late 19th century Japans leaders began to view the Korean Peninsula as a threat and from 1894 to 1895 it was involved in a war over Korea with China and from 1904 to 1905 it f ought a similar war with Russia. In 1910, Japan annexed Korea.With the beginning of World War I, Japan began to influence much of Asia which allowed it to quickly grow and expand its Pacific territories. Shortly thereafter it joined the League of Nations and in 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria. Two years later in 1933, Japan left the League of Nations and in 1937 it invaded China and became a part of the Axis powers during World War II. On December 7, 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii which led to the United States entering WWII and the subsequent atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. On September 2, 1945, Japan surrendered to the U.S. which ended WWII.As a result of the war, Japan lost its overseas territories, including Korea, and Manchuria went back to China. In addition, the country fell under the control of the Allies with the goal of making it a democratic self-governing nation. It thus underwent many reforms and in 1947 its constitution went into effect and in 1951 Japan and the Allies signe d the Treaty of Peace. On April 28, 1952, Japan gained full independence. Government of Japan Today Japan is a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy. It has an executive branch of government with a chief of state (the Emperor) and a head of government (the Prime Minister). Japans legislative branch consists of a bicameral Diet or Kokkai that is made up of the House of Councilors and the House of Representatives. Its judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court. Japan is divided into 47 prefectures for local administration. Economics and Land Use in Japan Japans economy is one of the largest and most advanced in the world. It is famous for its motor vehicles and electronics and its other industries include machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles and processed foods. Geography and Climate of Japan Japan is located in eastern Asia  between the Sea of Japan and the North Pacific Ocean. Its topography consists mainly of rugged mountains and it is a highly geologically active region. Large earthquakes are not uncommon Japan as it is located near the Japan Trench where the Pacific and North American Plates meet. In addition, the country has 108 active volcanoes.The climate of Japan varies upon location - it is tropical in the south and cool temperate in the north. For example its capital and largest city Tokyo is located in the north and its average August high temperature is 87ËšF (31ËšC) and its average January low is 36ËšF (2ËšC). By contrast, Naha, the capital of Okinawa, is located in the southern part of the country and has an average August high temperature of 88ËšF (30ËšC) and an average January low temperature of 58ËšF (14ËšC).   References Central Intelligence Agency. (8 March 2011). CIA - The World Factbook - Japan. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.htmlInfoplease.com. (n.d.). Japan: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107666.htmlUnited States Department of State. (6 October 2010). Japan. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4142.htmWikipedia.org. (13 March 2011). Japan - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan

In this country banks are being urged to lend, especially to small Essay

In this country banks are being urged to lend, especially to small businesses (vide Project Merlin) and for mortgages, but also - Essay Example Loans to small and medium size business ventures form the bulk of the credit facilities offered by banks at any one time and therefore have a critical responsibility in ascertaining the stability of an economic framework. Private developers equally get credit facilities in terms of mortgages and this has been in the rise with the advent of a booming real estate business across the globe. Bothe local and international investors have continuously sought the intervention of banks through monetary assistance through credit facilities which have been termed a critical stimulant to an economy reviving from effects of financial crises or intending to build on internal reserves in finances. In the UK, in the aftermath of the global financial crises, the banks are being encouraged to adopt the lending strategy especially to small business and for mortgages. Moreover, they are required to step up regulatory and precautionary measures in building up capital reserves in order to aid in the smoot h operations within the economy. However, an outright dilemma sets in regarding the balance between the safe lending and the ways to build up the capital reserves as required. The government of the United Kingdom plays the role of regulation and creates an enabling environment for the banks and small business enterprises that are the target in the credit facilities. On the other hand, the banking sector within the country has a central role in formulating and adopting favorable policies, which will serve to regulate the credit facilities, advanced while at the same time monitoring the growth of financial capital stocks in the banking sector. Drawing lessons from the 2007 to 2008 financial crises, Gambacorta and Marques-Ibanez draws the conclusion that stability in financial intermediaries plays a critical role in ensuring that there is a smooth transmission of credit facilities between the banks (lenders) and the borrowers (the likes of small and medium size businesses). The strengt h of bank lending channels plays an important role in provision of credit facilities in that bank-specific characteristics are central in credit provision. However, structural adjustments and changes during the period of crises resulted to favorable outcomes in restoration of sanity within the economy. During the crises, the loan supply suffered restriction greatly from weaker capital positions from banks as well as overdependence on non-interests loans and market funding. This therefore points to the risks that are prevalent to banks over funding liquidities. The conclusion from the lessons learnt support the need of establishing regulatory and monitoring mechanisms on those factors that work in favor of or against monetary transmission more so during periods of crises. The central bank has a specific role that of supervisory role to the other banks and keeping a proper statistical data base of all the banks for monetary regulation and advisory roles (Gambacorta and Marques-Ibanez, 2011, p.1-28). In order to address the rising concerns, there are various tools that can be applied within the banking sector, which would include imposition of monetary policies, deregulation as well as financial innovation. However, monetary policies are argued not to be very neutral from the perspective of financial stability. Financial

Everyones Gasoline Problems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Everyones Gasoline Problems - Assignment Example This indicates that there are a number of factors other than oil prices that dictate price fluctuations in gasoline.   The factors that drive gasoline prices are complex and encompass international crude oil inventories, national wholesale product price discounting, inflation, domestic retail competition and federal taxes (Borenstein, Cameron, & Gilbert, 1997). The description and influence of the following factors on gasoline prices are described below:   Price of Crude Oil: Reports from Federal Trade Commission recognize that changes in crude oil are the major contributing factor of the variability of gasoline prices. Crude oil prices, in turn, are reflective of supply and demand imbalances across the world, especially triggered by production levels set by OPEC countries. Rising demand in developing economies such as China and India also affect the supply and demand for crude oil.   Infrastructure Issues: In the United States, the availability, consistency, and prices of gasoline are intricately linked to its production and delivery infrastructure such as transmission lines, processing plants etc. and are also a driver of gasoline prices.   Weather: Many times, colder than normal weather patterns are responsible for short-term volatility in gasoline prices since fluctuations in weather can change (rise or fall) the demand dynamics of the commodity.   Speculative Trading and Market Manipulation: Presence of unreliable price data and large price movements attracts the attention of speculators and hedge funds that see market volatility as an opportunity to make the profit. Speculative tradition can further cause gasoline market to be imbalanced and hence cause high price differentials.   In case of premium coffees, it is assumed that the coffee market is currently in a state of equilibrium, i.e. the supply and demand for the product balance one other.  

Satellite. Solar system Essay Example for Free

Satellite. Solar system Essay A satellite is defined as any object that orbits any other object. Satellites can be celestial, such as a moon orbiting a planet in the solar system, or a planet in the solar system orbiting the sun. Satellites can also be man-made. Man-made satellites are typically launched into outer space from earth to collect data, photos and other information about Earth and all the many things that exist around it. An animation depicting the orbits of GPS satellites in medium earth orbit. A full size model of the Earth observation satellite ERS 2  In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavor. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon. The first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, was launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. Since then, thousands of satellites have been launched into orbit around the Earth. These originate from more than 50 countries and have used the satellite launching capabilities of ten nations. A few space probes have been placed into orbit around other bodies and become artificial satellites to the Moon, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Satellites are used for a large number of purposes. Common types include military and civilian Earth observation satellites, communications satellites, navigation satellites, weather satellites, and research satellites. Space stations and human spacecraft in orbit are also satellites. Satellite orbits vary greatly, depending on the purpose of the satellite, and are classified in a number of ways. Well-known (overlapping) classes include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and geostationary orbit. Satellites are usually semi-independent computer-controlled systems. Satellite subsystems attend many tasks, such as power generation, thermal control, telemetry, attitude control and orbit control. HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES Sputnik 1: The first artificial satellite The first artificial satellite was Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, and initiating the Soviet Sputnik program, with Sergei Korolev as chief designer. This in turn triggered the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the United States. Sputnik 1 helped to identify the density of high atmospheric layers through measurement of its orbital change and provided data on radio-signal distribution in the ionosphere. The unanticipated announcement of Sputnik 1s success precipitated the Sputnik crisis in the United States and ignited the so-called Space Race within the Cold War. Sputnik 2 was launched on November 3, 1957 and carried the first living passenger into orbit, a dog named Laika. TYPES OF SATELLITE ïÆ'ËœCommunication satellites †¢Communication satellites provide a worldwide linkup of radio, telephone, and television. †¢The first communication satellite was Echo 1, launched in 1960. †¢Relay 1 and telstar 1 were the first active communications satellites. †¢They were launched in 1962. ïÆ'ËœNavigation satellites †¢Navigation satellites are mainly intended to help aircraft, ships and nuclear submarines. †¢These satellites provide constant signals by which aircraft and ships can determine their positions with great accuracy. ïÆ'ËœWeather satellites †¢Weather satellites carry cameras and other instruments pointed toward Earths atmosphere. †¢They can provide advance warning of severe weather and are a great aid to weather forecasting. ïÆ'ËœMilitary satellites †¢ Many military satellites are similar to commercial ones, but they send encrypted data that only a special receiver can decipher. †¢ Military surveillance satellites take pictures just as other earth-imaging satellites do, but cameras on military satellites usually have a higher resolution. ïÆ'ËœScientific satellites †¢Earth-orbiting satellites can provide data to map Earth, determine the size and shape of Earth, and study the dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere. †¢ Scientists also use satellites to observe the Sun, the Moon, other planets and their moons, comets, stars, and galaxies. HOW ARE SATELLITES LAUNCHED ïÆ'ËœThe trick when launching a satellite is to get it high enough to do its job without losing the capsule to outer space. ïÆ'Ëœ Its a delicate balance of push and pull, accomplished by the inertia of the moving object and the Earths gravity. GEOSYNCHRONOUS SATELLITE LAUNCH VEHICLE ïÆ'ËœThe Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (usually known by its abbreviation, GSLV) is an expendable launch system operated by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). ïÆ'ËœIt was developed to enable India to launch its INSAT-type satellites into geostationary orbit and to make India less dependent on foreign rockets. GSLV Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle FunctionMedium Lift Launch System ManufacturerISRO Country of origin India Size Height49 metres (161 ft) Diameter2.8 metres (9 ft 2 in) Mass402,000 kilograms (890,000 lb) Stages3 Capacity Payload to LEO 5,100 kilograms (11,000 lb) Payload to GTO 2,000 to 2,500 kilograms (4,400 to 5,500 lb) Launch history StatusActive Launch sitesSatish Dhawan Total launches6 (5 Mk.I, 1 Mk.II) Successes2 (Mk.I) Failures3 (2 Mk.I, 1 Mk.II) Partial failures1 (Mk.I) Maiden flightMk.I: 18 April 2001 Mk.II: 15 April 2010 Boosters (Stage 0) No boostersFour Engines1 L40H Vikas 2 Thrust680 kilonewtons (150,000 lbf) Total thrust2,720 kilonewtons (610,000 lbf) Specific impulse 262 sec Burn time160 seconds FuelN2O4/UDMH First Stage Engines1 S139 Thrust4,700 kilonewtons (1,100,000 lbf) Specific impulse 166 sec Burn time100 seconds FuelHTPB (solid) Second Stage Engines1 GS2 Vikas 4 Thrust720 kilonewtons (160,000 lbf) Specific impulse 295 s (2.89 kN†¢s/kg) Burn time150 seconds FuelN2O4/UDMH Third Stage (GSLV Mk.I) 12KRB Engines1 KVD-1 Thrust69 kilonewtons (16,000 lbf) Specific impulse 460 s (4.5 kN†¢s/kg) Burn time720 seconds FuelLOX/LH2 Third Stage (GSLV Mk.II) CUS12 Engines1 ICE Thrust73.5 kilonewtons (16,500 lbf) Specific impulse 460 s (4.5 kN†¢s/kg) Burn time720 seconds FuelLOX/LH2 LIQUID BOOSTERS One of the strap-ons of GSLV-F04 being brought to the Vehicle Assembly Building The GSLV uses four L40 liquid strap-on boosters derived from the L37.5 second stage, which are loaded with 40 tons of hypergolic propellants (UDMH N2O4). The propellants are stored in tandem in two independent tanks 2.1 m diameter. The engine is pump-fed and generates 680 kN (150,000 lbf) of thrust. First stage S139 stage is 2.8 m in diameter and is made of M250 grade maraging steel and it has a nominal propellant loading of 139 t. Second stage The second stage is powered by the Vikas engine. It has 2.8 m diameter and uses 37.5 metric tons of liquid propellants with UDMH as fuel and nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) as oxidizer, in two aluminium alloy compartments separated by a common bulk head. It delivers 720 kN (160,000 lbf) of thrust. Third stage GSLV Mk.II D3 The third stage is propelled by a cryogenic rocket engine, 2.8 m in diameter and uses liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LOX) in two separate tanks of aluminium alloy interconnected by an inter-stage. Propellant loading is 12.5 t. The indigenous cryogenic engine was built in Tamil Nadu at the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre. POLAR SATELLITE LAUNCH VEHICLE ïÆ'ËœThe Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle commonly known by its abbreviation PSLV is an expendable launch system developed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). ïÆ'ËœIt was developed to allow India to launch its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites into sun synchronous orbits. ïÆ'ËœPSLV can also launch small size satellites into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO). ïÆ'ËœThe PSLV has launched 41 satellites (19 Indian and 22 from other countries) into a variety of orbits till date. Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-C8 (CA Variant) carrying the AGILE x-ray and ÃŽ ³-ray astronomical satellite of the ASI lifting off from Sriharikota FunctionMedium Lift Launch System ManufacturerISRO Country of origin India Size Height44 metres (144 ft) Diameter2.8 metres (9 ft 2 in) Mass294,000 kilograms (650,000 lb) Stages4 Capacity Payload to LEO 3,250 kilograms (7,200 lb) Payload to HCO 1,600 kilograms (3,500 lb)[1] Payload to GTO 1,060 kilograms (2,300 lb)[1] Launch history StatusActive Launch sitesSriharikota Total launches17 PSLV: 10 PSLV-CA: 6 PSLV-XL: 1 Successes15 PSLV: 8 PSLV-CA: 6 PSLV-XL: 1 Failures1 (PSLV) Partial failures1 (PSLV) Maiden flightPSLV: 20 September 1993 PSLV-CA: 23 April 2007 PSLV-XL: 22 October 2008 Notable payloadsChandrayaan-1 Boosters (Stage 0) â„â€" boosters6 Engines1 solid Thrust502.600 kN Specific impulse 262 sec Burn time44 seconds FuelHTPB (solid) First stage Engines1 solid Thrust4,860 kN Specific impulse 269 sec Burn time105 seconds FuelHTPB (solid) Second stage Engines1 Vikas Thrust725 kN Specific impulse 293 sec Burn time158 seconds FuelN2O4/UDMH Third stage Engines1 solid Thrust328 kN Specific impulse 294 sec Burn time83 seconds FuelSolid Fourth stage Engines2 liquid Thrust14 kN Specific impulse 308 sec Burn time425 seconds FuelMMH/UDMH PSLV is designed and developed at Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram and Kerala. The inertial systems are developed by ISRO Inertial Systems Unit (IISU) at Thiruvananthapuram. The liquid propulsion stages for the second and fourth stages of PSLV as well as the reaction control systems are developed by the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), also at Thiruvananthapuram. The solid propellant motors are processed by Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, which also carries out launch operations. After some delays, the PSLV had its first launch on 20 September 1993. Although all main engines performed as expected, an altitude control problem was reported in the second and third stages. After this initial setback, ISRO met complete success with the third developmental launch in 1996. Further successful launches followed in 1997, 1999, and 2001. PSLV continues to be the work horse of Indian satellite launches, especially for LEO satellites and the Chandrayaan Projects. It has undergone several improvements with each subsequent version, especially those involving thrust, efficiency as well as weight. ORBIT ïÆ'ËœAn orbit is a regular, repeating path that an object in space takes around another one. ïÆ'ËœAn object in an orbit is called a satellite. A satellite can be natural, like the moon, or human -made. ïÆ'ËœIn our solar system, the Earth orbits the Sun, as do the other eight planets. ïÆ'ËœThey all travel on or near the orbital plane, an imaginary disk-shaped surface in space. ïÆ'Ëœ All of the orbits are circular or elliptical in their shape. In addition to the planets orbits. HOW A SATELLITE STAY IN THE ORBIT ïÆ'ËœThe forward motion of the satellite is its momentum. If the gravity of the earth is not acting on the satellite, the satellite would continue in one direction. ïÆ'ËœThe swinging of the satellite gives it its forward motion. ïÆ'Ëœ When these two forces are equal, the satellite remains in orbit, without falling into or flying away from the Earth. ïÆ'Ëœ A satellites forward motion is controlled by rockets. ïÆ'ËœWhen the rockets are not fired, inertia keeps the satellite going in one direction. HOW SATELLITES WORK ïÆ'ËœReceiving uplinked radio signals from earth satellite transmission stations (antennas). ïÆ'ËœAmplifying received radio signals ïÆ'ËœSorting the input signals and directing the output signals through input/output signal multiplexers to the proper downlink antennas for retransmission to earth satellite receiving stations (antennas). MERITS ïÆ'ËœIn communication. ïÆ'ËœFor military purposes. ïÆ'ËœFor weather broadcasting. ïÆ'ËœIn terrestrial application. ïÆ'ËœSatellite Services. †¢Satellite internet access †¢Satellite phone †¢Satellite radio †¢Satellite television †¢Satellite navigation DE-MERITS ïÆ'ËœLifetime of a satellite is limited. ïÆ'ËœOnce damaged it is difficult to repair. ïÆ'ËœEconomically costly. ïÆ'ËœA small damage in any part can destroy the whole satellite. CONCLUSION ïÆ'ËœNow a day’s satellite is a basic communication media. ïÆ'ËœAny information can be transmitting from one point to another with the help of satellite. ïÆ'ËœAll people are using satellites directly or indirectly. ïÆ'ËœWithout satellites the days cannot be imagined.

Rainman Essay -- essays research papers

Barry Levinson brings us a Raymond, very moving character in the movie Raymond Babbitt. Raymond is a grown man that is Autistic. Raymond may be grown up but he lacks certain sociable skills, making communication very difficult. He has a hard time understanding and answer questions. Because of Raymond’s handicap he is unable to progress into a new person. Raymond’s limitations give the movie boundaries. Levinson uses the idea of not allowing this character to change to affect the other characters in this story. The character that is most affected is Raymond’s brother, Charlie. At the beginning Charlie is frustrated and short on cash, his father has died and Charlie received no inheritance, his father had left it all to Charlie’s unknown brother, Raymond. When Charlie first meets Raymond he thinks it is a big joke, the way Raymond acts. Although, all he can seem to think about is why no one ever told him that he had a brother. Charlie makes it out to seem li ke he really wants to take Raymond in with him and take care of him, at this point Charlie is taking Raymond from the institute where he is being taken care of in hopes of trading Raymond back for part of his inheritance. When he is refused, Charlie runs off with Raymond beginning a cross-country journey that would change Charlie completely. The beginning of the movie shows Charlie as a money motivated guy. He was only in it for the quick buck, you soon find out that his business is suffering and is having many problems. T...

Teens Pressure On Body Images

In order to solve this mess et en's have to step up to the plate and be comfortable in their own skin. Girls are one of the main targets when it comes to media. Each time a girl lo KS at a magazine its like the magazine is telling her, â€Å"Are you considering the way you u look yet? † Thus, these are everyday problems that young girls have to face. Girls feel that tin order to be accepted by others they have to go the extra mile to look their best.As a kid it always bothered me seeing these celebrities halfway naked with their â€Å"perfect† bodied ; furthermore, as I started to reach my adolescence began to marvel at how models had the IR stomachs so perfectly flat. Sooner or later I gained knowledge that in order for models to g et so skinny they either turn anorexic or turn bulimic. After that wondered why models made such dire sacrifices, and then it hit me it's all because of the pressure that the media PU TTS on body images. â€Å"Recent studies show that adole scent girls are more fearful of gaining weight than getting cancer, nuclear war, or losing their parent. ( HTTPS://www. Essayists. Rug/topics/selfimagemediainfluences/ ) Another study indicates, â€Å"40%of all 9 and 1 Earldom girls have already been on a diet. † ( ) Most girls that diet are either underweight or their weight is just normal. † Provided that 70% of arrear old girls want to be thinner. † ( ) As you can see the media puts pressure on many age groups, and this is why girls need to re Alice that sometimes it doesn't matter what's on the outside, but what's on the inside. Not only are girls affected by the media, but now boys are being affected by it too.A ewe study of a national sample of adolescent boys published in the January is sue of â€Å"JAM Pediatrics†, reveals that, â€Å"Nearly 18% of boys are highly concerned about their weight and physique. † http://www. Atlantic. Com/health/archive/2014/03/ bodyimagepressureincreasinglyaffect s boys/283897/ ) Most boys are focused on having a bigger and muscular appearance, rather than, focusing on being thin. One way that boys attain muscle is by using steer odds and protein powders just to look like Johnny Bravo; subsequently, â€Å"The long term effects o f steroids is associated with depression, rage attacks, suicidal tendencies, and cardiogram atheist. ( bodyimagepressureincreasinglyaffects boys/283897/ )

Ben Sliney

Benedict Sliney was the National Operations Manager for the Federal Aviation Administration on the 11th September in the year 2001. On that day, he was working at the Command Center located in Herndon Virginia. This was his first day as the manager and the gentle man was on a promotion. He had previously worked at the Air Traffic Control since the year 1964. Ben Sliney is the lawyer who at one time in the place of the Air Traffic System had sued the FAA. On the 11th September, Ben was the one who primarily gave the order that all the planes stateside be grounded.Ben made this decision to have the United States air space closed. Private and commercial planes were forced by his orders to land or they would have to remain grounded. Ben did this on his own, even without the consent of President George W. Bush . Very few people could have had the competence and courage to take that bold step and make such an important decision on their own without anxiety and needing affirmation from thei r seniors or colleagues. On this day, Ben Sliney interrupted the daily meeting by the senior staff at the command center of FAA in Herndon, Virginia.The manager was giving a report that there could have been a possible planned hijacking that could have been progressing at that moment. The command center had come to learned that Flight 11 had been hijacked approximately two minutes prior. During this time that Ben Sliney was making his report, a certain supervisor interrupted the same meeting claiming that there was a chance or even a probability that one flight attendant on the allegedly hijacked plane could have been stabbed. This meeting was then spontaneously broken up a few minutes before the very first crash of the WTC.This happened at exactly forty six minutes after eight o’clock in the morning. At this time no one who had attended the meeting made the effort to contact NORAD. At 9:42, the center came to learn from the local television reports that a certain plane had j ust struck the United States Pentagon. During the next few minutes, at around 9:45 am, the FAA was given the final order by Ben to have all the civil aircraft land at any closest airport within the shortest time possible. It was reported that the approximate number of planes that were flying in US was 4; 452. This was the decision that carried the day.Ben Sliney, on his own and being his first day as manager made the decision to have all the planes land. This order was quite unprecedented. The traffic control system however managed to handle the order competently and with a lot of skill. All the 4,500 general aviation and commercial aircrafts landed moments latter without any reported incidents. I identify with Ben Sliney because he is a very experienced person who knows the requirements of his job as a manager. A manager is supposed to take charge of his department and give orders or advice to the juniors.Ben Sliney applied the principles of management effectively, a factor that co ntributed to the successful landing of all the 4,500 planed that were on air on that day in the US. He is a competent manager who is very decisive and accurate. Being the person in charge of traffic control, Ben within no time was able to plan for the emergency. On receiving the news of the hijacked plane, he did not hesitate but went strait to organize on the next step with the senior staff that was having the daily morning meeting at the command center.There was no time to sit down and strategize on the next course of action since the next piece of information suspecting that a staff member on the hijacked plane could have been stabbed. Despite the nature of information, which was rather intense, Ben calmly and urgently acted just like a manager should. He effectively and efficiently within no time directed the rest of the traffic control staff to make the necessary arrangements and urgently prepare for the emergency landing of the planes on board. The planes were meant to land at the nearest port possible.Ben was doing all this for the safety of the passengers on board as well as the crew. I am professionally aspired by the then FAA’s manager for National Operations. This is because on his very firs day as manager in a very sensitive department, he single mindedly managed to bring down all the planes on air at the time of the hijacking. Being his first day as manager, he was very confident and he knew exactly what to and when to do it and even how to do it. He aspires me because he turned out to be a very effective manager.In addition, Ben did not make any consultations because the time and the circumstances did not allow it. He used all the experience he had gained at his previous position before getting the promotion to bring order and avoid chaos. He successfully did this and all the staff at the FAA will never forget the toughest decision that one of their own had to take. Ben has inspired me to be confident in the strong professional decisions t hat I have to take and especially being in a senior management position. The following lessons have been learned from the Ben Sliney decision.†¢ Quickly plan for emergencies without having to get the rest of the people anxious, †¢ Organize all the necessary arrangements to ensure that the laid plans fall in place respectively. †¢ Direct the senior staff to carry out the plans collectively as a team †¢ Coordinate the activities of the people to ensure that within the shortest time possible, they are harmoniously working to the attainment of the objective within the shortest time possible. I agree with the decision and immediate actions taken by Ben Sliney on that material day.There was not enough time to make elaborate consultations and arrive at a unanimous decision from all the senior personnel. Ben quickly did what he could have done at that moment to save the situation. In my opinion, Ben took the best decision by not risking the lives of thousands of passenge rs who were on board alongside the cabin crew. By not taking time to consult, the operations manager saved time to handle the rest of the issues. He put plans in place to have all the planes land. This work well and demonstrated his efficiency since all the planes landed without any incidences.Being in his position, I would have done taken the same measures to bring calm to the Federal Aviation Administration in the midst of such an emergency that could have spread a panic arrest to the United States in general and FAA in particular. Conclusion In a nut shell, the decision taken by Ben Sliney on the 9/11 to bring down all the private as well as commercial planes flying above the United States was remarkable. It took a lot of courage to do what the manager did to save the situation. ReferencesRetrieved from, Ben Sliney, was the National Operations Manager for the FAA on September 11 http://baylink. pitas. com/ Accessed on 14th November, 2007. Retrieved from, Sept. 11 is Slineyâ€℠¢s first day on the job as national operations manager, http://my. metafilter. com/ Accessed on Accessed on 14th November, 2007. Retrieved from, Mr. Benedict Sliney, http://www. sfgate. com/ Accessed on Accessed on 14th November, 2007. Retrieved from, Ben Sliney, www. findarticles. com/ Accessed on Accessed on 14th November, 2007.

5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes

5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes 5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes 5 Ways to Repair Misused Em Dashes By Mark Nichol Em dashes are handy little items for setting phrases apart for special attention, but be cautious when employing them, because when misused, they can obscure rather than assist in comprehension: 1. â€Å"For the most part, this water comes from aquifers that’s groundwater or from surface waters that is, rivers and lakes.† When em dashes come in pairs, what lies between is a parenthetical digression that merits a more dramatic break than that indicated by a brace of commas or two parentheses. If the parenthetical phrase ends the sentence, however, only a single em dash is needed. But three or more em dashes in one sentence creates an ambivalence in the sentence structure. In this case, it’s better to use parentheses and to avoid mixing em dashes and parentheses for digressions of equal or parallel impact, use them for the second digression as well: â€Å"For the most part, this water comes from aquifers (that’s groundwater) or from surface waters (that is, rivers and lakes).† 2. â€Å"Her recent roles have shown her interest and her ability to go beyond the usual popular movie.† Be careful that when a phrase is parenthesized, what precedes and follows it is grammatically sound: â€Å"Her recent roles have shown her interest in going and her ability to go beyond the usual popular movie.† 3. â€Å"The collapses could play out in the seven states that rely on the Colorado River and its tributaries Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming as ever-increasing water use, ever-growing population and a changing climate shrink the flow.† If the parenthetical delineates a list or the parts of a whole, as here, the opening em dash should immediate follow the whole: â€Å"The collapses could play out in the seven states Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming that rely on the Colorado River and its tributaries as ever-increasing water use, ever-growing population and a changing climate shrink the flow.† (Otherwise, the sentence identifies the states as tributaries.) 4. â€Å"There may be a decrease in prices- but incomes are rising- so that outcome may not happen.† When you use an em dash, you should know what you’re getting yourself into. In this sentence, the writer meant to set off the entire second clause, not just the parenthetical, which is bereft without the phrase following the second em dash: â€Å"There may be a decrease in prices- but incomes are rising, so that outcome may not happen.† 5. â€Å"Maybe it’s just because no matter how many people have been through here the space remains the same, seemingly untouched by human hands.† By the same token, many sentences simply don’t merit even a single em dash there’s nothing to mark off for emphasis. Perhaps the writer meant to place the em dash in lieu of the comma after same, rather than the one following here, but commas suffice in both positions: â€Å"Maybe it’s just because no matter how many people have been through here, the space remains the same, seemingly untouched by human hands.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings)15 Great Word GamesEducational vs. Educative

How To Write A 3000 Word Essay In A Day, Tips For Students

How To Write A 3000 Word Essay In A Day, Tips For Students Is It Possible To Write 3000 Word Essay In A Day? On many occasions, students find themselves struggling to beat an approaching deadline and deliver their essays within the stipulated timeline. While many manage to deliver, few accomplish or achieve as per their strength dictates. Lateness comes about because of different reasons and the most probable ones include: Procrastination – postponing things is almost like a disease which infects many people and in most instances is the main hindrance when you are looking to write your perfect essay in less than 24 hours. This habit contributes to students losing a lot of marks and never living up to their high standards. While some students are simply lazy and thus prefer to do other things when they should be working on their assignments, others lack the time or are involved in other activities that take up most of their time. Whichever the situation, procrastination greatly contributes to students being late with assignments, especially those that involve essay writing. Having to choose between other deadlines – at any time in college, students find themselves with a lot of assignments but less time to deliver. In such situations, some seek the help of professional writers, and others make coffee their closest friend as they try to finish their essays on time. Whichever the option a student opts for, at a certain point, they will find themselves behind the schedule. Regardless of the reason why people find themselves behind the schedule, panicking as some of us resort to is never the answer. As a matter of fact, panicking while late leads to one delivering a substandard essay or job. Students need to learn to keep calm and focused on the task ahead if they are to beat short deadlines. A task such as writing a 3000-word essay is indeed quite huge, and while it is not advisable to leave it to the last minute, in case it happens, students need to understand that it is indeed possible to finish it in 24 hours. This article is not in any way encouraging students to leave their assignments to the last day, but only letting you know that if you ever find yourself in such a situation, it is indeed possible to finish such a task. Actions That Can Help a Student to Write 3000 Word Essay in a Day The question how to write a 3000-word essay in a day is quite common among students. However, finishing a 3000-word essay in 24 hours is indeed easy, but doing a good job while at it might present the biggest challenge to students. However, this article outlines some actions which, if embraced, can help you achieve both. Here are the actions to help you deliver a high quality 3000-word essay in 24 hours: 1. Plan Having a plan is a key to a good essay. Lecturers always ask students to plan and prepare a study timetable to help them manage their time well. However, few take them seriously and therefore end up being late for almost everything within the school curriculum. Planning helps you to factor in everything and allocate ample time for all of your assignments. In 24 hours, you can do a lot of things, and it begins with the kind of breakfast you take. A healthy breakfast is indeed essential in this case. You need to have the right brain food to help your mind to relax and to distress yourself. Heavy breakfasts are, therefore, discouraged and snacks like fresh veggie sticks, nuts, asparagus, coconut, come highly recommended. Other fruits such as berries, oatmeal, bananas, dried fruit, etc. are also recommended. You need food that will help to lower your stress levels and the above are some of the most preferred. 2. Select your place of work Distractions contribute to you spending a lot of time doing very little. The place you decide to select as your working station should be quiet and allow you to work with minimal distractions. Whether it is at home or the school or local library, quietness should be the first factor for you to consider and it is closely followed by the how comfortable the place is. Choosing a place that is uncomfortable will contribute to your tiring fast and losing focus easily. It is also essential to be organized and always have things like bottled water, enough research materials as well as some snacks. 3. Minimize distractions The Internet is currently the biggest distraction at least for most people. When faced with a tight deadline, however, it is important to avoid all distractions and focus solely on the task at hand. Students spend a lot of time on social networks, but if on a tight schedule, avoiding them or even temporary deactivation of the accounts might help you focus. 4. Set yourself short-term goals If left with 24 hours to complete an assignment, time management is indeed essential to finishing it. Setting short-term goals is indeed necessary, and before beginning the writing process, it will be important that you set yourself some achievable objectives. While most of us tend to leave out breaks, they are a necessary inclusion, and it is essential to include them. 5. Selecting the right topic or question and approach to the assignment If asked to select an essay topic or question from a number of topics or questions, pick the one you are familiar with. This will help you avoid researching a new topic or question later. Take time to decide on your approach. The approach chosen will help you tackle the essay fast. The next step involves preparing an outline and including the key points you wish to have in your paper. 6. Writing the introduction Writing the introduction is the most challenging bit of essay writing, at least to most people. However, when under pressure and with less than 24 hours to go, the focus should not be on writing a perfect introduction but on including the necessities within it. You should, therefore, introduce your argument first and then include a relevant thesis statement. 7. Research Research should be focused and only be tailored towards a specific point. When going through the different topics within the selected reference materials, it is prudent to only skip to the chapters that are relevant to the topic under review. Be sure to paraphrase all of your arguments to avoid plagiarism issues which could render your work and effort useless. Use of resources such as Google Books is also advisable because it will help to increase your essay’s credibility.

Politics of globalization 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Politics of globalization 2 - Essay Example It experiences internal rebellion and external sanctions and aggression as it attempts to achieve economic and political independence within a global political economy. Taken separately, each of the many hurdles to Iran's economic recovery would be somewhat daunting; taken together; they are formidable (Mohammadi, 2003). As stated earlier, the effects of globalization on Iran are many- both positive and negative. Some of them are discussed below. Globalization has had a mammoth effect on the Military sector of Iran which we call the diffusion of power. In terms of the concentration of power, the direction of events seems to be firmly away from any globalizing trend and toward the diffusion of power and regionalization of interaction. (Buzan.B, Wver.O, & Wilde.J, 1998) Liberalization, as the name implies, generally means the relaxation of certain rigid restrictions and regulations. Sometimes, liberalization is associated with privatization; however, both are two different processes. In the Iranian context, market liberalization includes the agricultural front- rice and wheat markets and so on. This is another effect of globalization on Iran There are several definitions for democratization and in one of the best definitions Korany states that it "entails an expansion of political participation in such a way as to provide citizens with a degree of real and meaningful collective control over policy."Democratization in Iran is one of the main effects of globalization. The development of democratization in Iran is rife with impediments and these impediments are challenged by certain social trends within Iranian society. After a careful examination of democratization, the impediments, forces and methods thereof, we have learned that there is no one simple answer in developing democracy in Iran. Thus, these are the three major effects of globalization on Iran. (Democratization in Iran, n.d) Role of domestic politics in Iran's globalization policy. US foreign policy toward Iran has evolved to a point that it can no longer compete with or overcome certain forces. At the same time, forces are present that could assist the US in reestablishing formal dialogue and, ultimately, normal diplomatic relations with Iran. Globalization is the force that in some instances is assisting US foreign policy. At the same time, other elements of globalization are eroding US desires with respect to Iranian programs in WMD. The time has come for the US to admit that its current policy of sanctions is obsolete. The US needs to reengage Iran on economic and social terms that are the byproducts of economic globalization. (George.S, 2003). Politics of identity- Iran's globalization policy As Iran follows the theoracracy (a political unit governed by a deity or by officials thought to be divinely guided) all the policies and theories are. The challenges that Iran faces in regard to globalization are evident enough, first it is economics and second is politics.. The diverse on post-revolutionary development are reflected in the debates within Iran on globalization: reformers allude to Iran's strength in this field,

Law Enforcement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Law Enforcement - Essay Example Problem solving teams or quality circles 2. Self managed work teams 3.Cross functioning teams and lastly, 4. Virtual teams. (Robbins 2003, P.259). In the context of legal enforcement, the problem solving team would typically comprise of around 8 - 10 agents or officers, who would be required to crack cases and bring action for prosecution of alleged offenders and criminals. The team would be mostly within the force, and they would share methods, information and evidences, by which the guilty could be brought to the process of law. The main difficulties and drawbacks would be their inaccessibility to evidences and information from outside organization, and also their inability to get all concerned people totally involved in the case-cracking ventures. Next, it is the self-managed work teams which are independent teams which not only solve problems but also take up full responsibilities for their outcomes. They are fully involved in their works from conceptualization of their work processes till the achievement of final results. This team is fully at liberty to choose their own teams, and therefore, there is a greater degree of autonomy and transparency in their operations. However, this team is limited by the absence of functionaries from other departments and functions to participate and contribute in this team building. The third type of work teams are called cross functional teams which are ind

Story from the bible 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Story from the bible 2 - Essay Example the teachings of the Old Testament in which women were often considered to be the root of evil on earth and were therefore condemned to a life of inequality in eternal servitude to the men whom she’d wronged. Although this has long been accepted as the historic custom, there is little evidence in the Bible that Jesus felt this was an appropriate behavior. When one reads through the gospels carefully, one can find numerous instances in which women were considered to be inferior to men, but that Jesus broke the customs and laws concerning how they were to be treated. Throughout the gospels, Jesus can be seen to act in direct opposition to the way in which men were expected to treat women as he deliberately moved against Old Testament law to embrace women as equal human beings engaged in the process of life. In his actions and words, Jesus can be seen to take a revolutionary approach toward women as he consistently treated women as real people of equal value to men. In the gospels alone, there is a lot of evidence that women were not considered equal to men. The idea that they were considered marginal individuals is discussed in the Women’s Bible Commentary in a number of areas but Jesus recognized them anyway. In Mark 5: 25-34, for instance, a woman who has â€Å"had a discharge of blood for twelve years† without finding any successful treatment believes that if she can just touch Jesus’ clothes she will be healed of her illness. She is correct in her belief as she sneaks up behind him and the instant her hand touches his robe, her body is healed but she is doubly-marginal because she is a woman and because she is bleeding, but Jesus turns and speaks with her and blesses her anyway. Another form of a double-marginal woman was a woman who was also a foreigner. There are at least two places where Jesus went directly against custom by speaking with these women directly. In John 4:7-5:30, he takes time to speak with a woman from Samaria. Unlike the woman

A Strategic Analysis Of Tesco

A Strategic Analysis Of Tesco This report is set out in order to evaluate the marketing strategy adopted by Tesco along with how they gain a competitive position internationally through globalisation. Under the findings of this report the approach which will be evaluated will be related to Porters competitive positioning. This will be used to show how Tesco gain a competitive advantage over their rivals such as Asda using the generic strategy. The five force framework will also be investigated to anaylse the competition it faces and finally how Tesco segments there market, identifying the gaps available to develop. In order to write this report a collection of different sources were used. These sources included books, journal articles, media articles, websites, Tescos annual reports and information from Tescos website. The information gained from these sources helped to discover how Tesco manages to gain the competitive advantage in their industry. It has also helped to focus the importance of successful competitive positioning with models from Porter to establish the position in the minds of the consumer. 1.0 Introduction This report includes a theoretical model which will reflect the practice of Tesco in relation to strategic analysis. It will look at the competitive positioning approach and the models/concepts used by Porter to gain a competitive advantage over Tescos rivals. By doing this it will show what other companies in the industry would need to do in order to take over the competitive advantage that Tesco have. Strategy is based on the long term of a business and is the direction and scope of the organisation. It aims to achieve advantage in a changing environment through its configuration of resources and competences (Johnson et al, 2008). There are generally three different levels of strategies associated with organisations. The top level is known as the corporate level strategy which is alarmed with the overall purpose and extent of the organisation. The second is the business level strategy which looks at particular markets and how to compete successfully in them and the third level is the operational strategies which look at how the organisation delivers successfully (Johnson et al, 2008). 2.0 Findings 2.1 History of Tesco Tesco began when Jack Cohen first opened a market stall in the East end of London in 1919 and since then began trading in 1924. This shows that Tesco has been serving customers in the UK for the best part of a century. Today, they class themselves as much more of a weekly shop as they have introduced new services, products and ways to shop all driven by their Every Little Helps philosophy (Tesco, 2008). In the last decade Tesco has grown their business to become the worlds third largest grocery retailer by determining an excellent level of service wherever they operate. They have a strategy for growth which is based in five parts. These include core UK business, non food, international, retail services and the community (Tesco, 2008). Tescos market share is still growing just short of 7% although that is not as fast as it was. This is because at present the economy is in a recession and so customers are changing their habits (Leahy, 2008). According to the Institute of Grocery Distribution (IGD), the UK food industry group predicts that Tesco will grow at a faster rate than Carrefour in the coming four years. Tescos growth will be spurred by international expansion in markets such as China, the US and India (Hall, 2008). This means that Tesco who are currently the UKs biggest retailer will leapfrog Carrefour by 2012 to become the second largest retailer in the world after Wal ­Mart (Hall, 2008). Within the UK, Tesco employ over 280,000 employees and have over 2,100 stores. Tesco stores have four different formats (See Appendix 1). These are the express stores which sell a range of up to 7000 products with the first express store opening in 1994. The metro store first opened in 1992 bringing the convenience of Tesco to town and city centre locations. The Tesco superstores began in 1970s and in recent years these stores have been introduced to a number of new non ­food ranges such as DVDs and books. Finally the Extra stores have been operating from 1997 and offer the widest range of food and non ­food lines. These products range from electrical equipment to homewares, clothing, health and beauty and seasonal items such as garden furniture. Along with food and non ­food products in different stores, Tesco also offers retailing services (See appendix 2). Tesco Personal Finance (TPF) has the choice of 26 products within their successful market. These range from their savings accounts and credit cards to car and travel insurances. Tescos strategy for growth (see appendix 3) has been well established and consistent which has allowed them to expand into new markets. The rationale for the strategy is to broaden the scope of the business to enable it to deliver strong sustainable long term growth (Tesco Strategy, 2008). 2.2 Competitive Positioning Competitive positioning emphasizes the importance of the environment and provides useful tools for analysing the business in the context of its industry (Campbell et al, 2002 p.298) Competitive positioning is the degree of difference in choice of product or service against the competitor (Lynch, 2003). The competitive positioning approach used by Porter, argues that the position of an organisation is successful if it places itself towards the environment (Campbell, 2002). Positioning within any organisation is achieved through the minds of the consumer and this is what enables businesses to gain a competitive advantage over their rivals (Darling, 2001). A strategic fit is used between an organisation and the environment which again is a way to gain competitive advantage. This is based on Porters Generic Strategy Framework (See appendix 4) (Campbell et al, 2002). 2.3 Identification and application of the models, concepts and theories used in competitive positioning within Tesco 2.3.1 Porters Five Forces The five forces framework (see appendix 5) was developed by Porter and is used in most industries to analyse competition, as it is of value to most organisations providing a useful starting point for strategic analysis (Campbell et al, 2002). Porter suggests that it is the structural characteristics of an industry (the five forces) that determine the relative success or failure of a firm (Jenkins Ambrosini, 2002 p.124). The five forces framework is complex in that different industries could be emerging, maturing or declining and Porter is able to recognise that his competitive strategies would need to vary accordingly (Jenkins Ambrosini, 2002). He believes that competition in an industry is rooted in its underlying economic structure (Jenkins Ambrosini, 2002 p. 29). Johnson et al, 2008 define the five forces as:â‚ ¬Ã‚    ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   The threat of entry into an industryâ‚ ¬Ã‚    ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   The threat of substitutes in the industrys products or servicesâ‚ ¬Ã‚    ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   The power of buyers of the industrys products or servicesâ‚ ¬Ã‚    ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   The power of suppliers into the industryâ‚ ¬Ã‚    ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   The extent of rivalry between competitors in the industry For more information on the five forces see table one. A criticism of the five force framework is that Porter implies all competitors within an industry are equal. However, this is not always true as it could be the size of the industry which is causing the threat. Also the macro ­ environment must be regularly reviewed due to the continuous movement as the five forces cannot be applied in isolation (Campbell et al, 2002). 2.3.2 Application of Porters Five Force Framework in Tesco Porters five force framework is used within Tesco in order to examine the external factors impacting upon their company. In relation to the threat of entry into an industry, Tesco along with rivals such as Asda, Sainsburys and other supermarkets put up extensive barriers to entry within their industry (Research Papers, 2007). An example of what Tesco accomplish within the market of certain products means that a new supermarket would not be able to find a cheap, reliable supplier. This would mean that Tesco has the advantage of buying in bulk giving them economies of scale (321 Books, 2007). The power of the buyer in Tesco can force down the price of products, as if buyers want products they know they can get cheaper in another supermarket it is more than likely that the buyer will move to the other supermarket. This means that supermarkets have a disciplined approach to setting the price of their products. Supermarkets destroying each other over profits are prevented due to the discipline used within Tesco (Research Papers, 2007). Tesco uses the power of the supplier to their own advantage. However, the price of products are demanded by the supplier otherwise the retailer will not be delivered the goods to sell (Research Papers, 2007). This would create poor customer service and a bad relationship with the suppliers. With Tesco being a larger supermarket, it has an advantage over smaller shopkeepers as they can dictate the price they are prepared to pay the supplier, as if they do not agree to this they will lose business in the long run (321 Books, 2007). Tesco has a very high competitive rivalry in food retail with competitors such as Asda, Sainsburys, Morrisons and Waitrose. All these competitors compete on price, products and promotions periodically (321 Books, 2007). The five force analysis is also complemented with another technique know as a SWOT analysis which is used to create synergy. A SWOT analysis of Tesco can be found in appendix 6. In order to gain new sales opportunities the major retailers in the UK such as Tesco must expand their product categories which is causing intense rivalry between the UK supermarkets (Hackney Birtwistle, 2006). There is also rivalry with competitors over the operation of online facilities, although Tesco has been proven to be the most successful in implementing their strategy. Due to this it means Tesco can sustain a competitive advantage. Sustaining a competitive advantage can be gained in three different ways which is shown in appendix 7 (Hackney Birtwistle, 2006). 2.3.3 Porters Generic Strategy Porters generic strategy framework is used to gain a competitive advantage and is the oldest approach based on an outside ­in approach. It is known as this as it examines the environment and then decides how to achieve a strategically desirable position (Campbell et al, 2002). However due to the recession the economy is in at present, the question relating to Porters generic strategy is it possible that Tesco can afford to look into the environment? (McNeilly, 2008) Generic strategies are used to attain above average performances within an industry in order to gain a competitive advantage. The generic strategies contain cost leadership, differentiation, cost focus and differentiation focus and can be found in appendix 4 (De Wit Meyer, 2004). Porter has argued that businesses should not get stuck in the middle so must choose either a differentiation or cost leadership strategy (Campbell et al, 2002). Competitive advantage within the broad segments of an industry include the cost leadership and differentiation strategies whereas the narrow segments of an industry aim to gain a cost advantage and include cost focus and differentiation focus. However, different industries will vary widely meaning the generic strategies must relate to that particular industry (De Wit Meyer, 2004). The Tesco generic strategy which is used will have to be cost leadership unless they can successfully differentiate their line of clothing so that they can begin to charge a premium price (Johnson et al, 2007). A critique of Porters generic strategies by Bowman is that he believes competitive advantage should be more effective within an organisation than its competitors in order to provide customers with want they want or need. Due to this criticism Bowman developed the strategy clock (see appendix 8) (Johnson et al, 2008). Positioning and competitive advantage can be gained using the strategy clock as it makes managers aware of how changing requirements of their markets and choices can be made (Johnson et al, 2008). In relation to the strategy clock developed by Bowman, Tesco adopts the hybrid strategy as it accepts elements of both cost leadership and differentiation (Campbell et al, 2002). A hybrid strategy seeks simultaneously to achieve differentiation and a price lower than that of competitors (Johnson et al, 2008, p.230). However, it could be argued that the price of products used by Tesco should not need to be lowered if differentiation can be achieved. The reason behind this is, Tesco should be able to obtain their prices at least equal to competitors such as Asda and Morrisons if not higher due to them being market leader (Johnson et al, 2008) Johnson et al, 2008 believe that Hybrid strategies can be advantageous for a number of reasons as detailed below: v Tesco is achieving a high standard of market share in the UK. This is due to the grater volumes being achieved over their competitors, meaning their margins could still be superior due to the low ­cost base they have. v Hybrid strategies can be used as an entry strategy in the market where there are established competitors. Tesco adopts this strategy when developing their global strategy. It allows them to target competitors and enter the market in different geographical areas with superior products at low prices. This enables them to get established and gain customer loyalty. 2.4 Identification of market segmentation A market segment is a group of customers who have similar needs that are different from customer needs in other parts of the market (Johnson et al, 2008, p.77). The advantages of market segmentation are shown in appendix 9. Typical bases for segmentation of markets are: v Demographic variables which include difference of age, stages of the family life cycle, gender, income, occupation, education, race and religion. v Geographic variables such as difference by country, region, type of housing/neighbourhood v Psychographic variables which exploit the lifestyle, personality or intelligence differences between people v Behavioural variables such as attitudes to brand loyalty, frequency of use, consumption occasion (Campbell et al, 2002, p.95). Tesco appeal to all customers as the products they sell attracts customers from low incomes to those who are more affluent (McNeilly, 2008). Their product choice is increasing in diversity which ranges from healthy living products, free from products, special healthy kids snacks, organic products and fair ­trade products (Tesco, 2008). This means they segment successfully which is shown in their profits (McNeilly, 2008). For Tesco customer segmentation see appendix 10. Due to segmentation, Tesco have recently identified a few gaps in the market which has enabled them to react to these particular markets before competitors notice them. The first gap they identified was the music download service which will have a major impact on Apples position as it will allow people to legally purchase and download (Beaumont Warman, 2008). Tesco digital is there new venture and plans to play Apple at its own game (Beaumont Warman, 2008). Another area were Tesco has identified a gap in the market is with cheese. The Dairy Farmers of Britain (DFB) have added a range of four different cheeses to their portfolio which they have launched in 650 Tesco stores. These are known as the 1st grade range and include mild, mature, Ploughmans vintage and red Leicester. These cheeses are aimed at a gap in the market between everyday brands and niche offerings (The Grocer, 2008). 2.5 Globalisation According to Lasserre, 2007 Globalisation is the phenomenon of the transition of industries whose competitive structure changes progressively from multinational to global. Industries such as telecommunications, processed food, personal care and retail are in the process of globalisation. It is also associated with consistency of products and practices alongside a high level of co ­ordination and integration of activities in Tesco value chain (Lasserre, 2007). See appendix 11 for this. According to Inkpen Ramaswamy, 2006 p.14 global companies must understand customers from the perspective of both domestic and international standards and must have the ability to learn in multiple locations far from the home base. The models which will be analysed to explain the basis of global strategy are Porters global generic strategies, Yips driver framework and Porters Diamond theory. 2.5.1 Porters global generic strategy When looking at globalisation, Porter adapts his generic strategy framework to global conditions. This model suggests five strategy alternatives what a business can use when operating internationally as shown in appendix 12. These five alternatives are positioned either with the extent to which the business is globalised or by the scope of the competitors within the industry (Campbell et al, 2002). In relation to Porters global strategy he considers that competitive advantage results from the global scope of an organisations activities and the effectiveness with which it coordinates them (Campbell et al, 2002, p.268). He also argues that configuration of value ­adding activities and coordination of value ­adding activities is what global competitive advantage depends upon (Campbell et al, 2002). Tesco has demonstrated that their value ­adding activities of allowing customers to shop for all of their needs under the one roof, has enabled them to gain a global competitive advantage effectively. 2.5.2 Yips Globalisation driver framework Yips Globalisation driver framework develops the concept of total global strategy and is much more useful than Porters global generic strategy framework as it evaluates both the overall degree of globalisation within an industry along with demonstrating the features of an industry which are more or less global naturally (Campbell et al, 2002). Yip also believes that his framework helps identify areas of an industry which are global and aspects of the industry which differ locally. Managers of businesses which are global should create their global strategy on the basis of the analysis made for the globalisation drivers (Campbell et al, 2002). 2.5.3 Porters Diamond Theory Sustainable competitive advantage is needed in any business international strategy. When entering into a foreign market/country a business will be at a disadvantage so must have competitive advantages in order to overcome this issue (Johnson et al, 2008). This can be done as Tesco has been successful in many different markets such as Europe, Asia and the US. For a list of countries which Tesco operate in and the year they first opened in that particular country see Table 2. Porters Diamond theory explains how some businesses such as Tesco have a sustained competitive advantage in their industry when their competitors have not been as successful (Johnson et al, 2008) Tesco have more than ten years experience overseas due to their international strategy which contains six elements. These are to be flexible, act local, maintain focus, use multi ­ formats, develop capability and build brands. This is the reason behind how they are able to sustain a competitive advantage and are the third largest supermarket worldwide (Tesco, 2008). Appendix 14 shows the determinants of national advantages using Porters Diamond theory. 3.0 Conclusion Recommendations From the findings of this report, there is evidence to suggest that Porters strategies are relevant in todays grocery industry in relation to competitive positioning. These strategies which Porter uses relate to all types of industries and they help businesses to gain a competitive advantage as in the case of Tesco. By having these strategies in place it has allowed Tesco to gain this competitive advantage in the UK and overseas making them the third largest grocery retailer in the world. These strategies have been used successfully for over twenty years and will continue to be successful in the future. At present the economy is in a recession, meaning that people are spending less and changing their behaviour and habits when it comes to shopping. However, Tesco try to assure their customers that they are about value so there is no need for them to shop anywhere else. Growth is what Tesco believe in and even though the economy is in a recession they have planned and prepared long ­term to expand and invest in the UK and internationally which will create up to 30,000 jobs. In recent recessions Tesco continued to invest which they believe is one of the best things they have done and will continue to invest during this economic recession. Ref erence s Johnson et al (2008). Exploring Corporate Strategy, eight edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited Tesco (2008). Tesco PLC [Internet] Available from: http://www.tescoplc.com/ Leahy, T. (2008). Tesco Interim Results, 2008 ­2009: Full Interview [Internet] Available from: http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/ir/pres_results/results/r2008/sirterry_interview090 8/ Hall, J (2008). Tesco to be world number two by 2012 [Internet] Available from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/epic/tsco/3691672/tesco ­to ­ be ­wor Campbell et al, (2002). Business Strategy: An introduction, Second Edition, Oxford, Elsevier Butterworth ­Heinemenn Lynch, R (2003). Corporate Strategy, third edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited Darling, J. (2001). Successful competitive positioning: the key for entry into the European consumer market, European Business Review, 13, (4), pp.209 ­ 220 Jenkins Ambrosini (2002). Strategic Management: A multi ­perspective approach, Hampshire, Palgrave Research Papers (2007). Porters Five Forces on Tesco. [Internet] Available from: http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Porters ­5 ­Forces ­Tesco/108949 321 Books (2007). Porters Five Forces at Tesco PLC. [Internet] Available from: http://www.321books.co.uk/catalog/tesco/porters ­five ­forces.htm Hackney Birtwistle (2006). The UK grocery business: towards a sustainable model for virtual markets, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 34, (4/5), pp.354 ­368 McNeilly, A (2008). Globalisation and the multinational Lecture Notes [24.11.08] De Wit Meyer (2004). Strategy process, content, context, third edition, London, Thomson Beaumont Warman (2008). Can Tesco topple iTunes? [Internet] Available from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/scienceandtechnology/3357071/can ­tesco ­ topple ­itunes The Grocer (2008). DFB 1st Grade targets gap in cheese market [Internet] Available from: http://www.thegrocer.co.uk/articles.aspx?page=articlesID=195740 Lassere, P (2007). Global Strategic Management, second edition, Hampshire, Palgrave Inkpen Ramaswamy (2006). Global Strategy, New York, Oxford University Press Inc Morris, T (2004). Tesco: a case study in supermarket excellence, New Zealand, Corolis Research Business Teacher (2008). Tesco Swot Analysis, [Internet] Available from: http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/business ­resources/swot ­analysis ­ database/tesco ­swot ­analysis/ Bib liog rap hic Ref erencing Beaumont Warman (2008). Can Tesco topple iTunes? [Internet] Available from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/scienceandtechnology/3357071/can ­tesco ­ topple ­itunes Business Teacher (2008). Tesco Swot Analysis, [Internet] Available from: http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/business ­resources/swot ­analysis ­ database/tesco ­swot ­analysis/ Campbell et al, (2002). Business Strategy: An introduction, Second Edition, Oxford, Elsevier Butterworth ­Heinemenn Darling, J. (2001). Successful competitive positioning: the key for entry into the European consumer market, European Business Review, 13, (4), pp.209 ­ 220 De Wit Meyer (2004). Strategy process, content, context, third edition, London, Thomson Hackney Birtwistle (2006). The UK grocery business: towards a sustainable model for virtual markets, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 34, (4/5), pp.354 ­368 Hall, J (2008). Tesco to be world number two by 2012 [Internet] Available from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/epic/tsco/3691672/tesco ­to ­ be ­wor Inkpen Ramaswamy (2006). Global Strategy, New York, Oxford University Press Inc Jenkins Ambrosini (2002). Strategic Management: A multi ­perspective approach, Hampshire, Palgrave Johnson et al (2008). Exploring Corporate Strategy, eight edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited Lassere, P (2007). Global Strategic Management, second edition, Hampshire, Palgrave Leahy, T. (2008). Tesco Interim Results, 2008 ­2009: Full Interview [Internet] Available from: http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/ir/pres_results/results/r2008/sirterry_interview090 8/ Lynch, R (2003). Corporate Strategy, third edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited McNeilly, A (2008). Globalisation and the multinational Lecture Notes [24.11.08] Morris, T (2004). Tesco: a case study in supermarket excellence, New Zealand, Corolis Research Research Papers (2007). Porters Five Forces on Tesco. [Internet] Available from: http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Porters ­5 ­Forces ­Tesco/108949 Tesco (2008). Tesco PLC [Internet] Available from: http://www.tescoplc.com/ The Grocer (2008). DFB 1st Grade targets gap in cheese market [Internet] Available from: http://www.thegrocer.co.uk/articles.aspx?page=articlesID=195740 321 Books (2007). Porters Five Forces at Tesco PLC. [Internet] Available from: http://www.321books.co.uk/catalog/tesco/porters ­five ­forces.htm Appendix 4 Competitive Advantage Differentiation Broad Cost Leadership Differentiation Asda Waitrose Tesco Competitive Scope Sainsburys Cost Focus Differentiation Focus MS Delicatessens Narrow The Generic Strategy Framework. De Wit Meyer, 2004 p. 262 Appendix 5 The Five Forces Framework Potential entrants Suppliers Threat of entry Competitive Rivalry Bargaining Power Bargaining Power Buyers Threat of substitutes Substitutes Johnson et al, 2008 p.60 Appendix 6 SWOT analysis of Tesco Strengths: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Tesco within the global market place won retailer of the year award 2008. this can drive advantage towards future growth and sustainability à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Although global retail sales are declining, Tesco Group have gained sales of 13% in the UK and 26% growth internationally à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ As Tesco look to expand they have reserved funds of credit available Weaknesses: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reduced profit margins can be the case of Tescos position as a price leader in the UK à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Tesco Finance profit levels were caused through bad debt, credit card arrears and household insurance claims. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Due to current economy at present, Tesco will suffer due to the cost of living and lower disposable income Opportunities: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Statistics show that economies of scale can be gained through buying power, which is why Tesco are the third largest global grocer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Due to the acquisition in Asia there is opportunity for further growth internationally à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Further growth and development will be made with Technology Threats: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The credit crunch has affected the UK and American markets so Tesco will focus on lower priced products à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Wal ­Mart who are world leaders put persistent threats of takeover on Tesco à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Products areas may need to be evaluated due to changes in consumer buying à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ profit margins may be affected by the rise in raw materials Business Teacher (2008). Tesco Swot Analysis, [Internet] Available from: http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/business ­resources/swot ­analysis ­ database/tesco ­swot ­analysis/ Appendix 7 Sustaining competitive advantage Price ­Based strategies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Accept reduced margin à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Win a price war à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reduce Costs à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Focus on specific segments Differentiation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Create difficulties of imitation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Achieve imperfect mobility (of resources/competences) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reinvest margin Sustaining Competitive Advantage Lock ­in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Achieve size/market dominance à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ First ­mover advantage à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reinforcement à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Rigorous enforcement Johnson et al, 2008. p. 225 Appendix 8 The Strategy Clock: Competitive strategy options High Perceived product/service benefits Low Price 2. Hybrid 3. Differentiation 4. Focused Differentiation 5. 6. 1. No Frills 7. Strategies destined 8. for ultimate failure Low Low High Price Needs/risks 1. No frills Likely to be segment specific 2. Low Price Risk of price war and low margins; need to be cost leader 3. Hybrid Low cost base and reinvestment in low price and differentiation 4. Differentiation a) Without price premium Perceived added value by user, yielding market share benefits b) With price premium Perceive added value sufficient to bear price premium 5. Focused differentiation Perceived added value to a particular segment, warranting price premium 6. Increased price Higher margins if competitors do not follow; risk of losing market share 7. Increased price/ low value Only feasible in monopoly situation 8. Low value/ standard price Loss of market share Appendix 9 Target market selection Differentiation Market Segmentation Tailored marketing mix Opportunities and threats Jobber, 2004 p, 275 Appendix Firm Infrastructure Support Activities Human Resource M